Feasibility of using a knowledge-based system concept for in-flight primary flight display research

A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using knowledge-based systems architectures for inflight research of primary flight display information management issues. The feasibility relied on the ability to integrate knowledge-based systems with existing onboard aircraft systems. And, given the hardware and software platforms available, the feasibility also depended on the ability to use interpreted LISP software with the real time operation of the primary flight display. In addition to evaluating these feasibility issues, the study determined whether the software engineering advantages of knowledge-based systems found for this application in the earlier workstation study extended to the inflight research environment. To study these issues, two integrated knowledge-based systems were designed to control the primary flight display according to pre-existing specifications of an ongoing primary flight display information management research effort. These two systems were implemented to assess the feasibility and software engineering issues listed. Flight test results were successful in showing the feasibility of using knowledge-based systems inflight with actual aircraft data

Traditional versus rule-based programming techniques: Application to the control of optional flight information

To the software design community, the concern over the costs associated with a program's execution time and implementation is great. It is always desirable, and sometimes imperative, that the proper programming technique is chosen which minimizes all costs for a given application or type of application. A study is described that compared cost-related factors associated with traditional programming techniques to rule-based programming techniques for a specific application. The results of this study favored the traditional approach regarding execution efficiency, but favored the rule-based approach regarding programmer productivity (implementation ease). Although this study examined a specific application, the results should be widely applicable

Knowledge-Based System for Flight Information Management

The use of knowledge-based system (KBS) architectures to manage information on the primary flight display (PFD) of commercial aircraft is described. The PFD information management strategy used tailored the information on the PFD to the tasks the pilot performed. The KBS design and implementation of the task-tailored PFD information management application is described. The knowledge acquisition and subsequent system design of a flight-phase-detection KBS is also described. The flight-phase output of this KBS was used as input to the task-tailored PFD information management KBS. The implementation and integration of this KBS with existing aircraft systems and the other KBS is described. The flight tests are examined of both KBS's, collectively called the Task-Tailored Flight Information Manager (TTFIM), which verified their implementation and integration, and validated the software engineering advantages of the KBS approach in an operational environment

Education for the gifted/talented student at Bellevue East High School.

Education of the gifted/talented child in the United States is not a recent innovation. In 1635, the Boston Latin, Grammar School was established for intellectually gifted children. This was a year prior to the opening of Harvard University. By the late nineteenth century, universal public schools nurtured the principle of a single school for all children, which supposedly upheld the American interpretation of equality for all. In the early twentieth century, multiple tracking programs were incorporated by which students were afforded enrichment without early acceleration, and, until after World War II, emphasis remained on enrichment

Educator’s Perceptions of the Impacts of School Violence on Caribbean Societies

Globally, school violence plays an ominous role in the education process as it has been widely recognized as having negative impacts. In this context, education in a violence-free environment is a challenge facing some schools, students and teachers in the Caribbean. Internationally, school violence is a relatively well researched area, however, both internationally and in the Caribbean, educator’s perceptions of the impacts of school violence is relatively understudied. This study explores educator’s perceptions of the impacts of school violence on Caribbean societies and offers an interpretive exploration of these perceptions. Self-administered questionnaires were randomly distributed to educators in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Jamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. To analyze the data, frequency distribution was used and the data converted into percentages. The results gleaned from one hundred and twenty respondents indicate that school violence has impacts at the individual, institutional and community levels